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Exploring Different Types of Vias in PCB

Written by Jharwin Barrozo

Published - 2 min read

A 2d view and layout of a pcb board design showing different type of vias

PCB vias are a staple of PCB design. They play a crucial role in many electronic devices and systems. They are the backbone of the electronics industry and are used in almost all types of electronics, from cell phones to complex machines. One of the key components of PCBs are vias, which are tiny pathways that allow electrical signals to travel from one layer of the board to another.

In this blog post, we'll explore the different types of PCB vias and their applications.

What is a through-hole via?

Through-hole vias are the most common type of vias used in PCBs. They are created by drilling a hole through the PCB and filling it with a conductive material, such as copper. These vias are typically used to connect the components to the other layers of the board and to provide structural support. Though-hole vias are drilled from the PCB's top layer to the bottom layer. When you look at a printed circuit board and look at it directly facing the light, the holes where light passes through are the through-hole vias. Only the plating on the barrel wall carries current, so if the via sits on a power net, check how many amps a through-hole via can carry for your drill size and plating thickness.

2D view of a through-hole via and its connected copper traces
3D view of a through-hole via and its connected copper traces

What is a blind via?

Blind vias are similar to through-hole vias, but only extend partially through the board. They connect an exterior copper layer to an interior later without reaching the other side of the board. This type of vias is ideal for multi-layer PCBs where space is limited.

3D front view of blind vias

What is a buried via?

Buried vias are a type of blind vias that are completely hidden within the layers of the PCB. They connect two or more interior copper layers of the board. This type of vias is ideal for high-density PCBs where space is a premium.

3D front view of a buried via

What is a micro via (uVia)?

Micro vias are very small vias that are used in high-density PCBs where space is limited. They are used to connect the internal layers of the board and are typically has a maximum of 0.15mm in diameter, maximum aspect ratio of 1:1, maximum depth of 0.25mm. Micro vias are ideal for high-speed signals and are commonly used in cell phones and other compact electronics.

In conclusion, there are several types of PCB vias, each with its own unique set of applications. Through-hole vias are the most common type of vias and cheaper to manufacture, while blind vias, buried vias, and micro vias are used in specific applications where space and performance are a concern. Understanding the different types of vias and their applications is crucial for designing and manufacturing high-quality PCBs.

3D front view of common microvia and stacked vias

About the author

Jharwin Barrozo

Electronics Engineer at Flux

Jharwin is an electronics engineer mainly focused on satellites. He built his own ground station using Flux to monitor RF activities on the International Space Station. Find him on Flux @jharwinbarrozo

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